Right atrial enlargement can be seen with which of the following conditions?

• A. Mitral valve prolapse
• B. Systemic hypertension
• C. Pulmonary hypertension
• D. Ventricular tachycardia

Answer: (C)

Right atrial enlargement occurs when the right atrium is under chronically increased pressure or volume load. Pulmonary hypertension fits this best because high pressures in the pulmonary arteries raise right-sided pressures, leading to dilation of the right atrium over time. Clinically, this may show up as tall, peaked P waves in the inferior leads (P pulmonale).

The other options don’t fit as well: mitral valve prolapse mainly leads to left atrial enlargement due to mitral regurgitation; systemic hypertension predominantly affects the left heart structures; ventricular tachycardia is a rhythm problem and doesn’t by itself cause chronic right atrial dilation.